Voltage Tester

By: Fix-It Club  | 
A volt-ohm-milliammeter, or VOM, is typically used for more serious electrical troubleshooting and repairs. Find out why to add a VOM to your toolkit.
Key Takeaways
  • A voltage tester is a simple tool used to check for electrical current flow and proper grounding in circuits, featuring a neon bulb and two metal probes.
  • To use it, touch the probes to different points in the circuit. A glowing light indicates the presence of electricity, while no light suggests an issue at that point.
  • It's essential for diagnosing electrical problems, such as determining if an outlet is faulty or if there's no current coming into an outlet, indicating possible issues like a blown fuse or disconnected wire.

The flow of electrical current is measured by placing an electrical tester at two points in the circuit. A voltage tester is the simplest of these tools. It consists of a small neon bulb with two insulated wires attached to the bottom of the bulb housing; each wire ends in a metal test probe. This type of tester is always used with the current turned on to determine whether there is current flowing through a wire and to test for proper grounding. It is also used to determine whether adequate voltage is present in a wire. Look for a tester rated for up to 500 volts.

To use a voltage tester, touch one probe to one wire or connection and the other probe to the opposite wire or connection. If the component is receiving electricity, the light in the housing will glow. If the light doesn't glow, the trouble is at this point. For example, if you suspect an electrical outlet is faulty, insert one probe of the tester into one slot in the outlet and the other probe into the other slot. The light in the tester should light. If it doesn't, the outlet may be bad.

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To further test the outlet, pull it out of the wall. Place one probe of the tester on one terminal screw connection and the other probe on the other terminal screw. If the tester bulb lights, you know the outlet is malfunctioning -- there is current flowing to the outlet, but it isn't flowing through the outlet to provide power to the appliance plugged into it. If the test bulb doesn't light, there is no current coming into the outlet. The problem may be a blown fuse or tripped circuit breaker, or the wire may be disconnected or broken behind the outlet.

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Frequently Asked Questions

Is a voltage tester safe to use on live circuits?
Yes, voltage testers are designed for safe use on live circuits, featuring insulated wires and probes to protect the user from electrical shocks.
Can a voltage tester be used on any type of electrical system?
Voltage testers are versatile but always check the tester's voltage rating to ensure compatibility with the electrical system you are testing.

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